Vulcanizer



Jan. 24, 1933. F. J. sHooK ET 1. 1,895,296

VULCANI ZER Filed July 1l. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet l Nummm INVENTOR /aRA/A/T Haak AAA/D v Ara IVERso/v By 1% www/LMO v ATTORNEYS Jan. 24, 1933. F,J SHOCK ET AL, 1,895,296

VULCANI ZER Filed July l1. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Jan.24, 1933.

F. J. SHOOK ET AL VULCAN I ZER 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 11. 1930 N. mmk 0 m TM S T N H e A s WL N 7. I 5?@ i U- ,of

Jan. 24, 1933'. A F J SHOCK ET AL 1,895,296

VULCANIZER Filed July 11. 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR CA To jvc-Rso/vA ATYORNEYS I Patented Jan. A24V, 1933 FLoRAIN J. snoox AND cA'rorvrinsoN,

Yor AKRON, onro,

AssreNons rro NATIONAL RUBBER MACHINERY COMPANY, F' AKBONQOHIO, A COBPRATIONOF` (pH-1.10";k

v n vU'IlcANrznn Application n1aJJu1y"11,./19so. seriaiNo; 467,195.9y Y

This invention relates tovulcanizersjsuch as are employed for the'manufacture of vehicle tires and inner tubes of rubber or rubber y o Ycanizer closed and. locked withan'oinne'r tube 55 and fabric.-

The general VpurposeO-f the inventionv is..y to improve upon existingvulcanizers as to ease, safety and efficiency of operation.

One obJect ofthe invention is toprovide an improved vulcanizer of thebalanced type in which the vulcanizer sections are so con'- nected that`one counterbalances 'the other whereby the vulcanizer' is opened orclosed with comparativeease. y A Another object of the'invention is topro-4 vide a vulcanizer of the balanced type 1nA which one section isofs'uch,` weight, as com;

pared' to theother, as no'rmallytov urge the vulcanizer sections toopenposition. "l

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide fluid pressure meansfor operating a vulcanizer of this type, including means for cushioningthe movement of the vulcanizer Y sections. y o .y n 2 A further objectof the invention isto provide an improved means in said vulcaninzer Vforeffectively seating mold sections against each other under pressure kto.prevent the formation ,of a

ing the vulcanizer. p

A further object of the linveiitionis to fpro'- Y vide a simplelocking'device for holding the4 vulcanizer sections together during-theappli-V cation of heat and pressure to the mold.

A further objectv of the invention is to provide effective means inavulcanizer to pre.

Figure 1 is a sectional Alevation'of a vul-v l canizer embodying theinvention yshown in thewin;

`deslignatesa"suitable'bed or base frame 'on rind on.; the vulcanizedar-p` D ticles, such means vpreferably exertinglsuch:

pressure independently of the means Vfor clos- Y 'the bed. frame(Figureyl) and adapted'tov 90,*

as the lowerv platen is swung upwardly" to bring the vulcanizer sectionsVintov coopera The lowerplatenvwith the y an open position with an innertube inserted Figure 2 is a similarview showing the vultherein; y y

l Figure 3 is a view on line 3-3of Figurel 2; Figure 4 isa view online4-j-4vof Figure 2; Figure 5 is aviewfon line 5'-'5'-of`Fi'gure 2;- fFigure is'a View on line 6-36`of Figure .5 `Figure .7 Y is `a view" onlinef7-7 ofFigure 5; 'Y Aigure 8 isja view on line 88-of'Figure 2; an oi Figure 9 is a view on line 9s-f9 of Figure-1. Referringto thedrawings,*the vnumeral 10 n which a lower vulcaniz'errsection orgplatenl'lfis pivotd as at 12, 12V by"` arms` 1 3;` 13 tov which the platen 11is Secured (seeFigure 4) seat -by gravit'ylon` thebed framev 10, pref`erably in a forwardly sloping position (Fig" ure 1), seats vfor theplaten 11 on top'of Athe frame 10 being indicated at 14. Y y c Theplaten 11 is arrangedto cooperate with anlupper platen Vlsecuredon'arms16;""16 whichy are pivoted at 17, 17 on frame 10,*the f o Theplaten 11-isadapted Vnormally to' pivot supports at 17 being slidablymounted inslots 18,118 in the framey for limited move?" 4ment therein" for' apurposewhichf'willbe* .'explain'ed. 7"

Arms 13may be extended upwardly asiat` lato form one 'memberof a toggle,the other'.` member of which may comprise links 19,19

Connectedfto downwardly extended portions '85,

16a, 16a on arms 161, lthus providing'a toggle connection betweentheplatens designedtol holdl the upper platen upwardly and rearwardly whenthe lower platenis resting on cause the upper platen to swing downwardlytion V4(Figure 2) .n

various partscarried thereon is heavier thany the upper platen,'withtheresult-that it overt-1v 95 balances the upper platen so asnormallyy toii hold the vulcanizer open as show-nA in lu rel. i i Y For actuating thevulcanize'r sections,uid' f pressurecylinders 20,v 20 nnaypbekpivoted'on '100 zov ` is'adaptedj--to bedrawninto the cylinders,

i frame 10, as at a, with-the pistons 2l. there-j in connected by rods22 to downwardly extendingportions 13b on arms 13. Afluid pressuresupply line 23 is connected to ducts .24 in head 20b of cylinder 20,which ducts are vconnected by ducts 25 with f'to admit fluid intotheendsof thev cylinders d Suitable check valves are Varranged inducts 25toopen to pressure' p orts26 serving behind the pistons.

i 34 therein'connectedv-by pipes 35 to arel'ief valve 36v similar` tovalve 33,v VThese heads also have' ports 37 thereinl through whichv airI these portsl'gbeing closed yby pressure within y vrdash.potactionbetween said ports and headsA arranged to cooperate when thelvulc-anizeri's;

th'ecylinder by means ofv check valves37a.

f-Ports 381in saidcylinders at points' spaced.

from .heads20c .are :provided to produce'a Each 'vulcanizer platenvcarries, a inoldfsection, platen 11 supporting 'a moldsection 39,?-

-. valves and-platen 15' amold section 40Hwhich-are closed,V These -moldsections arepreferably jacketed asshown to be heated by a iiuid me?Idium. .The ymold shown is designed toprof.

vide anannular molding cavity for vulcanizing inner tubes. v

The vulcanizerlocking means .comprises a f rotatable'bayonet plug 41which may be arranged on thelower platen centrally of the mold section39 and a bayonet socket 42=inv rtheupper"platenicentrallyfof the uppermold section, these partsbeing usualinterengaging lugs V43 andA 44,Vrespec-` ftively,'so arranged .as to permit insertio'nof; the plugintothe socket and jthen rotation ofV the plugthe'reinfto',engage the lugs.'The provided with the plug 41 may be arranged to berotated by i .ends

securing it on a shaft 45 rotatable by a' crank 46 connected toa pistonrod 47, the piston of which is operable ina cylinder 48 pivoted at onthe lower platen, said cylinder having luldpressure connections 50 and51 at both thereof whereby said piston is double acting. 1 I. i w' The,vulcanizer is constructed so that a co1nl paratively heavy pressure maybe applied to the mold terial,su'ch as rubber, housedin an annulargroove 53 inthe face of thevulcanizer platen l11 (over, which .isarranged a safety plate 54 shiftablef-in said groove, upward movement ofwhichis limited bystops 55,55.l In order Y innertubeval've, by

and said points..`

admitted throug to eXpandthe same and force when the vulcanizer islocked. This l provisioncomprisesan eXpansible, annular envelope ordiaphragnr52 oflexible ma-l to prevent deterioration ofthe expansiblediaphragm or envelope 52 by the heat of vulcanization, a compositeasbestos and steel plate. 56 (Figure 9) is arranged above plate v54 ingroove 53 and is-supported onlplate 54 by-spacer channel members 57whichprovide an; insulating air space beneath `'the asbestos f andsteelV plate 56;k The envelope 52 may be provided with atting 52a,similar to an sureniay beslpplied thereto to expand-fthe same.

' g In an'inner tube vulcanized asY shown, Ait

haslbeen found that there is a tendency for the valve base within'thetube to be ,forced `Vmore or less thro-ugh the wall ofthe tube by theVvfluid pressure used to expand v the .tube against` the-.moldsurface..` the upper mold section 40 with an extending-lug or block` 57(see Figure 8) adaptedl` toengagerin a recess 5,8 in the othermoldsection 3,9 ata pointon the inner `periphery of the mold where thevalve stem which a fluid .under ,pres-i To prevent this, may be..provided Vof the tube-maybe 'brought through :the

mold, the block andrecess the 'valve Stem v;

. vbeing SO designed' as Vto lit about the valve stern, and a springYpressed pinj59 i-nblock V57isdesigned to grip f controlledveitherfmanually by suitable .hand

able timelcontrolling.mechanism and valves operated thereby (not casethe sequenceoffoperationmay be as follows:v Y`

(not shown) or automaticallybysuit- Shown), In either` VV'ith the partsas shown inFigure{1,'ar1finf lower mold' section 39'. Y-A"fluid, 'suchas air under pressure,

heads 2 0"` into the cylinders '20, ca'using the tiondownw'ardly intocooperation. {Asthef lmold ksections 39""and` 40 move together,V thepistons 21Ypa`ss over passes through ports 34,

piping 35 'andreliefvalve'i This cushions the closing-of the vulcanizer.[Fluid Ais then is next supplied throughv ner tube or other varticle ismounted on the 1 f la. i

the ports 38 andthele'tt V i y Aends of thecylind'ers thusprovide dashpots rfr'o'm which'the fluid 115 supplied to cylinder 48 to actuate rod475and crank 46 to -turn-plug" 41 in thereby the-vulcanizer `is lockehfitting 5 2a the lower mold o cket 142' andr Air or other-Huidunderfpressure isneXt''lZQ to envelope 52 section tightly againsttheuppermold sec- .tion under such pressure as Ato`-prevei1ttl`1eforma-tionofa rind on the tube 'vwhen-vul canized. The shifting pivotaly'mounting of reason 'of Athe'pressurefbet'ween the moldgsec'- section 15on theffrainerlO at 18irelieves the vi .toggle connections-13 and19offstresse'sby 'lof Vby 4relieving stresses aref assumed by.thelugsgt3 and 44' of the bayonet locking means.

tonsiQl. 1 Gravity causes the lower vulcanizerasection toswingdownwardly and it `in turn, through the linkage, swingsfthe upper cessto cylinder 20 in front of piston `21', rst through .port 86 and thenthrough ports 438,

andV when the pistonsjpass `tlieports 30, the* right ends of thecylinders 20v become dash.

fluid pressure being relieved slowly pots,.th e

valves 33. The vlinished varticle may through now be `remo-ved and araw'articleinserted Vfor a subsequent vuleanizing operatlon.

, not be affected, ifbeing opened or shut or shut and unlocked it willmerely open, and

the pressure shouldfall on the fluid It will'be apparent thatif for anyreason pressure would lines, the vulcanizer if shut and loclzed that itis impossible for the vulcanizerv to close except upon positiveoperationl thereof.

`Accordingly, likelihood. 'of injury toworli- Vperfpivoted members,atoggle mechanism v N I second Varm supporting the,V upper, member, asecond pivotal mountinglfor said? secon`d'100 1 per members,

men is reduced toa minimum. y

Modifications of the invention may be re# sorted to without departingfrom the spirit thereof or the scope of the appended claims. What isclaimed is :A l. A vulcanizer comprisingvflower and upconnecting thelower member tothe upper member whereby .when the lower member islowered the upper member is raised, said lower member having a`preponderance ofV weight so as to overbalance the upper member wherebythe vulcanizer normally assumes an open position under means forsuppontingr the lower member when the vulcanizer is open, means forclosing the vulcanizer, cooperating' means on Vfor locking the memberstoeanizer member for applying pressure on a mold in said vulcanizerindependently of said closing means.

2. A vulcanizer comprising lower and up- I a mechanism connecting thelower member to the upper member whereby when the lowermember is loweredthe upper member is raised, said lower member having a preponderance ofweight so as to overbalance the uppermember whereby thevulcanizernormally Vassumes an openV position under the action of -gravity, meansfor supporting the izer is open, means for closing the vulcanieer,

cooperating means on the vulcanizerA members 1 for locking the'v memberstogether when closed, and'means on one vulcanizer member for applyingpressure on armold in Asaid vul-- camzer independently of said closingmeans;

3. A vulcanizer comprising pivoted lower and upper 4thevulc'anizer willnormally. be open,Y ymeans fer the acti on of gravity,

' canizer, the vulcan-` the'uppermemberisgraisedgsaidllowerfmem` y v.V12() I lower member when the vulcan-v anduppeI-xmembers,connectionsbetween the members is moved, the lowermember being vofgreater weightso las to overbalancefthenp-i open, and VHuid, pressuremeans fengaging said lowerme'mberlfor. closing the vulcanizer,sa-idfVmeans being Vadapted tocushionithe' opening; y .75 Y

of theqvulcanizer when the iiuidpress'ure is i 4sA"vulcanizercomprisingfpivotedlower members, connections :between themembers forfca'using the members 'to` movey to# wardor from y'eachotherfwhen oneofisaid v members is movedthe lowermemberf-being ofgreater weight soas tooverbal'ance'theup per member normally/to hold thevulcanizer open, and fluid pressure means engaginglsajid lower memberfor closing"thevulcanizer.- v

ALYlileanizer-including. apa-ir of piv-v otallymcuntedzmembers ofdifferent weights so connectedthat the weight et the h'eavier one willeiieet operation of. the v.other whereby loinshevulanizeemeahs lethe-rule Gamer folf applying pressure@ between* the' i membersindependently i c .said closi ng j means, andmeans for 'loc ingthevu'lfc,aniierf initsjclosedfpositiom v Akl .j ff 951` 1. 6;,A-yiufcanizepeomp ising. lower aiidfup-z Per members; an "arie,SriP'ertee the'. liever 'i member, iipvlotel meantime folrfsiad afm.,

lewered the upper member s'aidlowlf'v `er memberoverbalancingj'thelupper member normally to hold thevulcanizer open;means" connected to Ythe iirst arm for iclosixig.r the vul-" meanscooperating when'the vulcan# izer is closedfor locking the'-vuleani'zer, and s means for exertingV pressure4 between: the vul-foaniz'er Y sections independently 'of 4s'aidl clos# t Avulcamz'erveomprisinglower land lupi j vper members,E an"armsupportingthelowerl member,"afpivotalmountinglfdrsaidarni, a second farm* supporting the upper' member,- I'a 115 second p; votal mounting'for saidI ysecondi arm," I a link betweenfsaid farms providing"` atogglef whereby `wl1fen-the` lower member is Y ,llove're'df beroverbalancing the uppermember normal# to hold" the `vulcanizer open,fmea'nsl-con nected to the iirst arm for closingfthef vulcan-K. izer,andl means cooperating when the vulcan? izeris closed :forflock ng theyvulcanizer."y i

- 8; .A vulcanizer comprising lower andupef 125 p per. members, anjarfmsupporting!theflower member, apivotal: mounting 'forjsaidiarm, f asecond arm supportinggthe vupper member;

asecond pivotalg` mounting forssfld Secondg Y arm, a link between saidVarms vproviding s513021 so', i

toggle whereby When .the 1ovver-member lflowered the upperm'ember israised, said f lower member overbalancingthe upper mem-`ingthevulcanizer.' '9. 1A vulcanlzer comprlsmglower and up-v vand meansconnected tothe firsta'rmfor closberffnormally to hold Vthe vulcanizeropen,YA

per members, an' arm supporting the lower member, a pivotal mounting forSaidarm,

ai second armi supporting the upper member,

a Second pivotal mounting `for secondVV arm, a link between said armsproviding. a

toggle .whereby when). the' lower member is loweredl the upper member israised, saidVV .lower member overbalancing the upper ,mem-

' i 'ber normally to hold the vulcanizer open, and

means for closing the vulcanizer.

jv l0. The combination in vulcanizer 'of re1at1vely movable plvotedvulcanlzer secv tions, connections between the lsections for moving onevulcanizersection when the other l vulcanizer section vis moved, oneofsaid vsec'- otherfvulc'anizersection is moved, oneofsaid sections beinglof preponderant VWeight so that the sect "12. The combinationvulcanizerV of relatively movable plvotedgvulcanlzer sections,conneotionsbetween the sections for .moving one vulcanizerseetion kWhenthe othery vulcanizer section is moved, lone fof] saidsectionsY being ofpreponderant weight so;V that the` sections ynormally move -to an asnormally to open,

canizery comprising pivotally l `bers of different Weights linkedtogether so as normally to open,f an annular mold carried: by saidmembers', .and means comprising' inter-engaging bayonet plug and socketeen#` forr moving for exerting when locked.

15. The combination with abalanced vulcanizer comprisingpivotallymounted members of different-Weights linked 'together so" of means forVlocking and means .compr-ising' the members together, a Vfluidyexpansible element inkone of"` said membersV for exertingypressurebetween said a balanced vulmembers When locked. Y

.16. -v The combination with mounted mem'- pressurefbetween saidmembers` trally of 'theI moldv for .A locking the members together; f lc- FLORAIN J.' sHooK.

oaro-ivnason.

ions normally move toan open-V :positionl v v Y open position,.'uidpressure means for movlng the vulcanizer sections together, means forlocking the-sections together, and Vmeans in one section for applyinglpressure von a 1 mold therein lWhen thevulcanizeris locked.A

13. The y*combination ina vulcanizer of Y relatively 1 movable pivotedvulcanizer secftions, connections between the sectionsfor moving onevulcanizer sectionwhen the other vulcanizer section is moved, Voneofgsaidsections beingl of preponderant Weight so that l the sectionsnormally,l move to'an open 'posil 14. TheV combination with abalanced-vul- Lricanizer comprising pivotally mounted memberso different:weights linked vtogether so of means, for closing said members, meansforv locking said members closed,r: and meansvcomprising a fluid xa5.:eiirpansible lelement in one' of said members ition, means'forlocking the sections together, andmeansin one section for applyingpressure on a mold therein Whenthe vulcanizer is locked. f Y

aff-

